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Australian History - Referat
Australian History
1.European settlement
• 1. Australias settlers were ancestors of today`s Aboriginies
• they reached the continent at least 40.000 years ago
• European discovered it much later
• In 1606 Willem Jansz becomes first known European to land in Australia
• He thaught it was New Guinea, but it was coast of extreme northeastern Australia
• Between 1616 and 1636 other Dutch navigators explored australias west, southwest and northwest coasts
• In 1642 and 1643 Abel Janszoon Tasman a dutch sea captain sailed around the continent and visited a land which was a part of the continent, it was an island later it named Tasmania
• In 1770 James cook explores the east coast of Australia, he called the place he found Botany Bay because there were so many beautiful flowers there
• He was captain of the British Royal Navy
• He claimed the region for GB and named it New South Wales
2. Convicts
• In 1786 the British decided to start a prison colony in New South Wales
• The gouvernor was Captain Arthur Phillip
• He came 1787 with 730 convicts
• During the 19th century unemployment, poverty and crime started
• Families lived in dark, unhealthy homes
• Children often died of illnesses or they must hard work and had little to eat
• Many people stole what they needed
• The prisons got fuller, the judges became stricter and more cruel
• Men and women were hanged for stealing sheep or bread, or there were sent to work in one of the prison colonies in North America
3. Gold diggers
• In 1851 gold was discovered in New South Wales and Victoria
• Every day came more diggers from America, England and Chinese
• They built little cities and villages
• With the discovery of Australian gold in the 1850th the continent grew from about 400.000 to 1.1 mio
• In 1868 Britain ends transportation of convicts to Australia
4. Australia after the 2. World War
• In 1945 Australia becomes member of the united states
• Between 1964 and 1972 Australian troops serve with us troops in Vietnam war
• In1967 Australian constitution amended to permit the establishment of federal programms to aid the aboriginies
• In 1978 the northern territory becomes responsible for its own administration, the first step toward statehood
• In 1988 Australia celebrates its bicentennial
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