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Englische Grammatik... - Referat
Indirect or reported speech
Direct speech indirect speech
simple present → simple past
present progressive → past progressive
simple past → past perfect
present perfect → past perfect
will-future → would+infinitive
can → could
may → might
keine Zeitverschiebung bei “would”, “ could”, “should”, “ought to”, “must”, “musn’t”, “needn’t”
Modal auxiliaries ( unvollständige Hilfsverben)
Auxiliaries: Ersatzwort:
can / can’t (not) be able to…, (nicht) können
si.pa: could / couldn’t
may (not) (not) be allowed to..., (nicht)dürfen
might not / mighn’t
must have to... dürfen
must not not be allowed to... (nicht) dürfen
need (not) (not) have to (nicht) müssen
will-future simple past
must:
have to will have to had to
cannot: couldn’t
not be able to won’t be able to wasn’t/weren’t able to
can:
be able to will be able was/were able to
musn’t:
not be allowed won’t be allowed was/were allowed to
needn’t:
have to will have to had to
not have to won’t have to didn’t have to
may:
be allowed to will be allowed to was/were allowed to
here → there
this → that
now → then
today → that day
tomorrow → the next/following day
next week → the following week/ a week before
yesterday → the day before
two days ago → two days before
last week → the week before
Word Order
SVO
Subjekt/Verb/Objekt
Beispiel:
Sandra Bell always eats toast.
S V O
Reporting Verbs
say sagen remember erinnern
tell erzählen inform sb. Informieren
answer antworten mention erwähnen
go on fortfahren expect erwarten
continue fortfahren agree einverstanden
add hinzufügen suggest anregen
shout rufen propose anregen
cry weinen, schreien guess vermuten
remark bemerken
grumble murren
explain erklären
be sure sicher sein to ask if fragen ob
think denken to want to know if /wissen wollen
believe glauben to wonder if sich fragen
admit zugeben
promise versprechen
point out hinweisen auf
emphasize betonen
hope hoffen
reply erwiedern
replied
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