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Martin Luther King jr. - 3.Version - Referat
Martin Luther King, jr.
- born on 15th January 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia
Family and childhood
- mother Alberta King
- brother Alfred Daniel
- father Martin Luther King, sr. was a priest
- he was president of the civilrights organisation National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
- on 18th June 1953 he married Coretta Scott Williams; 4 children
Education and influences
- with 17 curate of his father at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta
- went to a College and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in sociology
- convinced by teachers and father, he went to Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania to study theology and became a preacher
- big influences by Rousseau, Aristoteles, Plato and Gandhi
- in May 1951 he finished his studies with a Bachelor of Divinity in theology
- pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama
- 1955 “Doctor of Philosophy”
First Prosperities – Montgomery
- 1st december 1955 the black civil- rights activist Rosa Parks was arrested because she refused to make room for a bus of White people
- other Blacks showed solidarity and appealed for boycott of the urban busses, the Montgomery Bus Boycott
- they wanted to show big their economic dependence on the white businessmen were and how less rights they had; the boycott lasted 381days
- it ended 1956 with the sucess that the Supreme Court banned every kind of segregation in the busses in Montgomery
- the next years he travelled thousands of miles through he South of the USA and tried to convince the people for activating for civil –rights
- 1960 back to Atlanta, pastor at Ebenezer Baptist Church with his father
- John F. Kennedy was an important person for him – got him free from prison once with caution
Birmingham – Metropole of racial segregation
- April 1963: 30 people began with sit-down strikes - many were convicted
- a day later someone attempted Martins and Alfreds life, but no one was hurt
- they reckoned the killers as members of Ku-Klux-Klan, but they were never caught
Washington/ Nobel Peace Prize
- 1963 more als 250.000 people, under them 60.000 Whites, demonstrated
- there King delivered his famous speech „I have a dream“
- November 1963, Kennedy was assassinated  a hard bash for the civil-rights movement
- his follower, president Lyndon B. Johnson declared a civil-rights law, what abolished the racial segregation
- 1964 Matrin Luther King got the Nobel Peace Prize
Assassination
- King made his last speech in Memphis, Tennesse
- on 4th April 1968 Dr. King was shot on the balkony of Lorraine Motel
- the following days weremany riots in over 100 cities; lots hurt, more convicted
- on 8th April Coretta Scott King lead the march through Memphis her husband planned
- Martin Luther King was buried on 9th April on graveyard in Atlanta; 50.000 people were there
- in his coffin stood the last words of his speech „I have a dream“: „Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!”
After Life
- one of the most adored people in US- history
- often compared with Abraham Lincoln: both applied for human rights and were among other things murdered for this reason
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