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The British Population - Referat
- total (2018): 66.5 million; aged 18 and under: 15.5 million: aged 65+: 11.8 million
- population has continued to increase since the end of WWII
- population as a whole is getting older --> people live longer, birth rate declines
- number of people of working age will decrease over the next few decades as more people retire and there are fewer young people to replace them
--> aspects of an ageing population:
- more pressure on health services
- more need for care facilities (old people´s homes + private nurses in the home)
- growing number of people are reducing their working hours/giving work up to care for an elderly relative
- more pressure on the state pension funds  more elderly people living below the poverty line
- people aged 65+ who are well-off have a positive effect on the economy  like to spend money instead of saving it when they are retired
Immigrants:
--> from former colonies:
- in 1950s and 1960s there was an urgent need for workers in the UK, foreigners (especially from former colonies, e. g. the Carribean) were encouraged to come to fill the gap
- citizens of Commonwealth countries are given a residence permit to live in the UK
- this group suffered during the economic downturn of the early 1970s
--> immigrants from the EU: - citizens from the EUhave the right to live/work in any other member country (as long as they have a job/can support themselves financially)
- significant fall in number of people moving to UK because of Brexit
- many Eu citizens have left UK due to uncertainity about their status because of Brexit
--> refugees/asylum seekers:
- number of asylum seekers has increased sharply at the end of the 1980s and at the beginning of the 21st century
- refugee crisis in 2011 throughout Europe beause of civil war in Syria
Problems facing second-generation immigrants:
- live with two cultures --> can lead to a culture clash
- they can feel distanced from their parents´and grandparents´ culture
- they feel that they have to live up to their parents´ expectations --> might feel guilty about
trying to lead their own life
- they might face discrimination --> seen as foreign but feel British
- they experience a crisis of identity --> do not completely belong to either culture
Problems facing immigrants in Britain:
- integration can be difficult
- many oft hem have low-paid, unskilled jobs and live in inner city areas with poor housing
- they may have to face discrimination
- there has been a significant increase in anti-Islam sentiment because of terrorist attacks
- there are not many members of ethnic minorities in politics/police force/army etc.
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