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The Taj Mahal - Referat
The Taj Mahal was built in India in the city Agra in the Mughal Empire between 1632 and 1648 near a river.
Shah Jahan was the emperor of the Mughals between 1628 and 1658, he commissioned the work for the Taj Mahal for his favorite wife as a tomb.
She died by the birth of her 14 children.
The Taj Mahal was built with traditions of Persian and earlier Mughal architecture.
Normally the Mughal used red sandstone for their buildings but Shah Jahan promoted the use of white marble with emeralds in it.
Buildings under his patronage reached new levels of refinement.
It was built on 100 metres long and 100 metres broad marble plate and the building has a big garden with 18 hectare.
On each side of the Taj Mahal are Minarets which are more than 40 metres high they are a bit crooked that they don’t fall on the Taj Mahal if there is an earth quake.
Outside of the Taj Mahal in garden are also other buildings like other tombs of older wife’s.
An Entrance and on both ends of the complex are two grand red sandstone buildings that are looking like the same, the backs of the buildings are together with the western and eastern walls. The western building is a mosque.
The eastern building was probably a quest house.
These outside buildings were completed in 1643.
The exterior decorations of the Taj Mahal are one of the best Mughal architectures.
As the surface area changes, the decorations are refined proportionally.
Shah Jahan wanted to be sure that his building is unique because of that he maimed many master craftsman after they finished the Taj Mahal.
About 20.000 workers worked on the building and put several kinds of gems in the marble.
the stuff that they needed was brought by about 1000 elephants.
The work costs were about 32 million rupees which would be in 2015 about 53 billion rupees and they were worth about 827 million US $.
It doesn’t brought luck to him because it turned out that the Taj Mahal costs all the money that he had.
That’s why he couldn’t make his dreams true and build another palace in black on the other side of the river.
Because he spend out all his money, his own son dethroned him and put him into prison.
But at least he could see his lifework out of a window.
He died besides her dead wife in the Taj Mahal in 1666.
The palace was damaged after all the years and in the 1900s the Indians wanted to sell it and the buyer should rebuild it in another country but they didn’t found a buyer.
At the end of the 1900s the building and his big garden was restored.
UNESCO designated the Taj Mahal as a World Heritage Site in 1983 and between 2000 and 2007 it was the winner of the New 7 Wonders of the World.
The Taj Mahal is one of the most beautiful buildings of the world and many million tourists visit it every year.
But these days the Taj Mahal has problems with the air pollution because of that the building discolored a bit to yellow and because of that cars and buses aren’t allowed to come nearer then 2 kilometer to the palace and the river near the palace is today a small creek.
the building decrease a bit in the ground because the groundwater doesn’t push the building up anymore. gradually its getting crooked.
the Indian government wants to build a dam to increase the water level to safe the Taj Mahal. There is a Taj Mahal copy in Bangladesh it is 1:1 the same but it only needed 5 years to build, between 2003 and 2008 and it costs 58 million US $.
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